Securing element



Jul '21', 19 70 KARL-ERNST UDERT ET AL 3,521,520

SECURING ELEMENT Filed June 6. 1968 THURNER 4 TTORNE Y5 United States Patent 3,521,520 SECURING ELEMENT Karl-Ernst Udert, Triesen, Liechtenstein, and Elmar Thurner, Gisingen, Austria, assignors to Hilti Aktiengesellschaft, Schaan, Furstentum, Liechtenstein Filed June 6, 1968, Ser.'No. 735,104

Claims priority, application Germany, June 14, 1967,

Int. Cl. F16b 15/00, 39/00 US. Cl. 85-30 7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A nail, bolt, or similar anchoring device which is to be driven into a hard receiving material such as by an explosive chargeoperated driving tool comprises a shaft portion, an end point portion and an intermediate deformed zone or transition portion. The construction is such that the deformed transition portion has the greater circumference at substantially the same cross sectional area as the undeformed shaft portion. This is accomplished by providing a plurality of planar surfaces around the periphery of the deformed zone alternately arranged with a plurality of rounded or bulging surfaces.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention relates in general to the construction of and method of forming securing elements such as nails and bolts, and in particular, to a new and useful construction of a securing bolt nail or similar element which is adapted to be driven into a hard receiving material and which has an intermediate transition portion between a shaft portion and a point portion at the end which is provided with planar and bulging areas which provide a greater circumference than the non-deformed shaft portion.

The present invention relates particularly to the construction of devices which are adapted to be driven into a hard receiving material by driving device such as an explosive charge-operated driving tool. When length bolts or nails are to be made, they must be designed so that they achieve a high extraction value despite the small depth of penetration of such short bolts into the hard receiving material. Attempts have been made to improve the holding power of securing elements in a steel receiving material by providing constrictions in the shaft thereof, into which the receiving material is displaced during the driving process. This is accomplished because the material is pressed by the following parts of the securing element which have a larger cross section than the forward part. The known reduction of the cross section is disadvantageous insofar as it increases the danger of breakage of securing element, particularly when it is enclosed in a solid receiving material.

In accordance with the present invention there is provided a securing element which is adapted to be driven into a solid or hard receiving material and which has a high extraction value but no constrictions which might increase the danger of breakage. In accordance with the invention, the bolt is provided with a deformed zone or transition portion between its shaft portion and its point portion at the end thereof. The deformed transition zone has "a greater circumference with practically the same cross sectional area as the undeformed shaft zone.

The securing element construction according to the invention is used with particular advantage for use as anchors or securing elements in metallic receiving material such as steel or other materials with a flow limit. When driving the securing element into the receiving material, the cross sectional area produced by the point thereof is first deformed by the following material of the shaft portion. Because of the design of the transition zone according to the invention, a form closure is achieved between the bolt and the receiving material so that higher extraction values or greater holding forces are attained.

The effect which is caused by the form closure is further increased by the fact that the holding power is increased by the friction closure due to the increase of the circumference and the resulting increase of the projecting surfaces in the deformed zone, since at least a part of the surfaces limiting the deformation zone has a smaller angle to the center axis than the friction angle.

In accordance with a further feature of the construction, the securing element is provided with an annular collar formation such as at the beginning of the thread portion thereof which is constructed to bear on the receiving material when the securing element is driven into this material. The collar is advantageously formed with a conical end face having a large aperture angle and it forms a shoulder which is adapted to form the boundary between the shaft portion of the element and the threaded portion. In some instances it is desirable to form the collar as a simple ring which is secured on the shaft. Because of the bearing of the collar on the receiving material, the form closure between the securing element, particularly in the deformed transition zone region and the receiving material is increased so that the anchorage value is further increased. A bolt constructed in accordance with the invention will be more vibration-resistant than the known securing elements.

The deformation or transition zone in accordance with the invention is made polygonal. The planar surfaces are connected with each other by rounded surfaces, and the rounded surfaces form bulges which project outwardly in a radial direction beyond the undeformed shaft portion. The deformation may be achieved by pressing, beating or rolling.

Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved securing element which includes a shaft portion and a tip portion with an intermediate transition portion between the shaft and tip portion which has a greater circumference than the shaft portion but with substantially equal cross sectional area.

A further object of the invention is to provide a securing element which includes a uniformly dimensioned shaft portion, a pointed tip portion, and a tapered transition zone portion extending between the shaft portion and the tip portion which includes a plurality of planar areas separated by rounded or bulging areas which advantageously bulge outwardly beyond the periphery of the shaft portion; and further including a collar formed on the shaft portion which is adapted to bear against the receiving material for the securing elements.

A further object of the invention is to provide a securing element such as a bolt, nail, or similar device which is adapted to be driven into a hard receiving material such as by an explosive-operated driving device which is simple in design, rugged in construction and economical to manufacture.

The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a partial side elevational view of a securing device such as a nail or bolt constructed in accordance with the invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of the bolt indicated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a section taken along the line IIIIII of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section taken along the line IVIV of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of a securing bolt constructed in accordance with the invention; and

FIG. 6 is a section taken along the line VIVI of FIG. 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the drawings in particular, the invention embodied therein as indicated in FIGS. 1-4 comprises a securing element such as a nail, bolt or similar device Which includes a. shaft portion of uniform undeformed dimension such as a cylindrical shaft portion. The securing device also includes a tip portion 3 and an intermediate portion or deformed zone generally designated 1 which is formed as a tapered portion between the shaft portion 2 and the tip portion 3.

In accordance with the invention, the deformed zone 1 is provided with four planar or flat surfaces 5 which are disposed between rounded surfaces or bulging portions 6. In the deformed zone 1, the circumference is greater than the shaft portion 2 so that a form closure is effected after the anchoring device is driven into a hard receiving material such as steel. This results in a better anchorage than in the known securing devices which do not include the deformed zone 1 of the present inventi n.

Because the deformation in the zone 1 is achieved without a substantial variation of the cross section, the danger of breakage is reduced. In some instances the tip portion 3 is also formed with alternately spaced planar and bulging portions such as the tip portion 3'. As indicated in FIG. 5, an even better anchorage value can be achieved for a bolt construction having both deformed zones 1' and 3'. The anchorage values when one zone only is deformed are best with the deformation in the transition zone 1.

In the embodiment of the invention indicated in FIGS.- 5 and 6, there is provided a securing bolt generally designated 10 which includes a shaft portion 2', a point portion 3, and an intermediate or transition portion generally designated 1'. In this embodiment the tip portion 3' advantageously includes a planar surface 9' and bulging portions 11'. In addition, the intermediate zone 1 includes planar surfaces 5' and bulging portions 6. The construction provides three planar surfaces 5' arranged below the three bulges 6'. The belt 10 produces good anchorage values and a good vibration resistance afteri penetrating into the steel with only the deformed intermediate zone 1' or with both zones 1' and 3'.

The bolt 10 in accordance with a further feature of the invention is provided with an annular shoulder or collar 4 which provides a transition from the shaft portion 2' to a threaded portion 7. The conical transition of the shoulder 4 provides a support on the receiving material and thus provides a form-fitting closure between the receiving material and the deformation zone 1' and/ or deformation of the tip 3'.

The bolt 10 may be provided with more or less than three or four planar surfaces without departing from the scope of the invention and without losing the advantages of firm anchorage, formfitting closure and vibration resistance. While the deformed zone construction is particularly desirable for use with bolts of relatively short length in order to insure that they have the necessary holding power, the invention, of course, is equally applicable for improving the holding power of longer bolts, nails, and similar fastening elements. The driving of the bolt 10 is effected in a known manner by known power driving devices such as those which may use explosive powder charges.

While a specific embodiment of the invention has been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the inventive principles, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.

What is claimed is:

1. A one piece securing element which is adapted to be driven into a hard receiving material, comprising a shaft portion, a tip portion terminating in a point, and a transition portion joining said tip portion and said portion of substantially the same cross sectional area as said shaft portion but having a greater circumference, wherein said transition portion is of polygonal configuration.

2. A securing element according to claim 1, wherein said polygonal transition zone includes at least a partial surface forming an angle with the axis of the securing device which is smaller than the angle of friction.

3. A one piece securing element adapted to be driven into a hard receiving material comprising a substantially cylindrical shaft portion of substantially uniform dimension, a pointed tip portion, and a transition portion joining said shaft portion and said tip portion having at least one planar surface and one bulging surface extending outwardly beyond the periphery of said shaft portion, said planar and bulging surfaces being alternately arranged around the periphery of said transition portion and the circumference of said transition period being greater than said shaft portion; said transition portion tapering inwardly toward said tip portion.

4. A securing element according to claim 3, including at least four equally spaced planar surfaces and bulging surfaces alternately arranged around the periphery of said transition zone.

5. A securing element according to claim 3, wherein there are three alternately arranged planar and bulging surfaces.

6. A securing element according to claim 3, wherein said shaft portion has a threaded section at a spaced location from said transition portion, and an annular collar on said shaft portion at the beginning of said threaded portion to bear against the receiving material to provide a form closure therewith.

7. A securing element according to claim 3, wherein said tip portion includes at least one planar and one bulging surface.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,360,344 11/1920 Wood et al 30 1,591,810 7/1926 Dobbs 85-30 2,549,993 4/1951 Temple. 2,819,641 1/1958 Corckran 8521 3,121,550 2/1964 Anderson 248--2l6 FOREIGN PATENTS 213,378 8/1957 Australia.

RAMON S. BRITTS, Primary Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R. 151-4173 

